JavaScript Operators

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1. What Are Operators? 🤔

An operator is a symbol that tells the program to perform an operation on values.

Example:

let result = 5 + 3;

Here:

5 and 3 → operands
+ → operator

The + operator adds the numbers together.

Output:

8

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2. Arithmetic Operators ➕➖✖️➗

Arithmetic operators perform basic mathematical calculations.

Operator	Meaning	Example
+	Addition	5 + 3
-	Subtraction	10 - 4
*	Multiplication	3 * 4
/	Division	12 / 3
%	Modulus (remainder)	10 % 3

Example in JavaScript

let a = 10;
let b = 3;

console.log(a + b);
console.log(a - b);
console.log(a * b);
console.log(a / b);
console.log(a % b);

Output:

13
7
30
3.333...
1

Explanation:

10 % 3 = 1

Because 3 goes into 10 three times with remainder 1.

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3. Comparison Operators 🔍

Comparison operators compare two values and return true or false.

Operator	Meaning	Example
==	Equal value	5 == "5"
===	Equal value and type	5 === "5"
!=	Not equal	5 != 3
>	Greater than	10 > 5
<	Less than	4 < 8

Example

console.log(5 == "5");
console.log(5 === "5");

Output:

true
false

Why?

5 == "5"  → only compares values
5 === "5" → compares value AND type

So:

5 == "5"  → true
5 === "5" → false

Because "5" is a string, not a number.

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4. Logical Operators 🔗

Logical operators combine multiple conditions.

Operator	Meaning
&&	AND
!	NOT

AND Operator (&&)

Returns true only if both conditions are true.

let age = 20;

console.log(age > 18 && age < 30);

Output:

true

Because both conditions are true.

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OR Operator (||)

Returns true if at least one condition is true.

console.log(5 > 10 || 8 > 3);

Output:

true

Because 8 > 3 is true.

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NOT Operator (!)

Reverses a boolean value.

console.log(!true);
console.log(!false);

Output:

false
true

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Logical Operator Truth Table

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5. Assignment Operators 📝

Assignment operators assign values to variables.

Operator	Example	Meaning
=	x = 5	Assign value
+=	x += 3	x = x + 3
-=	x -= 2	x = x - 2

Example

let x = 10;

x += 5;
console.log(x);

Output:

15

Explanation:

x += 5
means
x = x + 5

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Operator Categories Diagram

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Assignment Practice 💻

Try these exercises.

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1. Perform Arithmetic Operations

let a = 12;
let b = 4;

console.log(a + b);
console.log(a - b);
console.log(a * b);
console.log(a / b);

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2. Compare Two Values

let x = 5;
let y = "5";

console.log(x == y);
console.log(x === y);

Observe the difference in output.

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3. Use Logical Operators

let age = 22;

if (age > 18 && age < 60) {
  console.log("You are eligible to work");
}